Lung function tests measure how the lungs and airways work. These tests are non-invasive, and involve breathing into a mouthpiece, attached to a measurement device. You will be coached step-by-step through each test by a qualified physiologist, with the goal to produce test results that meet the international ATS/ERS standards. Some tests require you to withhold medications or activities - please be sure to read the instructions sent to you prior to your test.
SPIROMETRY
Spirometry is a very common lung function test that measures the volume and flow of air in and out of the lungs. Its used as a basic screening and monitoring test, as its quick and easy to perform for most people.
SPIROMETRY with BRONCHODILATOR
Bronchodilator medications can be provided after a baseline spirometry test - in some people the airways will become wider (dilate) and a second spirometry test will document any change. This can be helpful in the assessment of airways disease, like COPD or asthma.
SUPINE SPIROMETRY
After a standard baseline spirometry seated in a chair, spirometry is repeated lying flat (supine) on a bed. This test provides a measure of the strength of the main muscle of respiration, the diaphragm. In most people, there will be no difference between spirometry sitting and supine, but as the diaphragm loses strength, the supine measure will decrease. This is because the muscle doesn't have gravity to assist it in moving down to bring air into the lungs.
EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE (FeNO)
Increased nitric oxide in the lower airways is associated with inflammation. The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test measures the level of nitric oxide in the exhaled breath in parts per billion. This information can be used to help diagnose asthma or other lung disease, and guide treatments.
LUNG DIFFUSION (DLCO)
Diffusion of lung carbon monoxide (DLCO) measures the ability of the lungs to diffuse or transfer oxygen across the walls of the lungs and into the blood. This is the most commonly requested test by Respiratory Specialists after spirometry, because it helps to determine the extent of any damage to the lung units, called alveoli. DLCO is a good option for those who have worked (or are working) in industry creating dust, fumes, fibers and gases.
MANNITOL BRONCHOPROVOCATION
Bronchoprovocation tests attempt to ‘provoke’ the symptoms of asthma using an inhaled stimulant. Mannitol is the newest of these types of test, and is well studied, showing clinical equivalence with saline testing (the old way of testing). Mannitol is a medical grade powdered sugar which is inhaled through a special inhaler device. Initially, small doses of Mannitol are inhaled, and your breathing is tested after each step. The size of the dose increases until there is a significant change in your breathing test, or until you reach the end of the test. In patients with significant lung function changes, inhaled medication can be provided to reverse this. Mannitol is the most helpful test to assist in the diagnosis of asthma.